An Mvar is a mutable location that is either empty or contains a value. One can
put or set the value, and wait on value_available for the location to be filled
in either way.
Having an Mvar.Writer.t gives the capability to mutate the mvar.
The key difference between an Mvar and an Ivar is that an Mvar may be filled
multiple times.
This implementation of Mvar also allows one to replace the value without any
guarantee that the reading side has seen it. This is useful in situations where
last-value semantics are desired (i.e. you want to signal whenever a config file is
updated, but only care about the most recent values).
A Mvar can also be used as a baton passing mechanism between a producer
and consumer. For instance, a producer reading from a socket and producing
a set of deserialized messages can put the batch from a single read into an
Mvar and can wait for taken to return as a pushback mechanism. The
consumer meanwhile waits on value_available. This way the natural batch
size is passed between the two sub-systems with minimal overhead.
put t a waits until is_empty t, and then does set t a. If there are multiple
concurrent puts, there is no fairness guarantee (i.e. puts may happen out of order
or may be starved).
set t a sets the value in t to a, even if not (is_empty t). This is useful if
you want takers to have last-value semantics.
value_available t returns a deferred d that becomes determined when a value is in
t. d does not include the value in t because that value may change after d
becomes determined and before a deferred bind on d gets to run.
Repeated calls to value_available will always return the same deferred until take
returns Some.
take t returns the value in t and clears t, or returns None if is_empty t.
take_exn is like take, except it raises if is_empty t.
peek t returns the value in t without clearing t, or returns None is is_empty
t. peek_exn t is like peek, except it raises if is_empty t.